"foil" meaning in Old Irish

See foil in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /ˈɸolʲ/
Etymology: From Proto-Celtic *uɸolexs, from *uɸo- (“under”) + *leg- (“to lie”). Cognate with Welsh gwâl (“lair, pigsty”). Etymology templates: {{inh|sga|cel-pro|*uɸolexs}} Proto-Celtic *uɸolexs, {{af|cel-pro|*uɸo-|*legeti|alt2=*leg-|nocat=1|t1=under|t2=to lie}} *uɸo- (“under”) + *leg- (“to lie”), {{cog|cy|gwâl|t=lair, pigsty}} Welsh gwâl (“lair, pigsty”) Head templates: {{head|sga|noun|||genitive|folach||||||||{{{3}}}||{{{pl2}}}||{{{pl3}}}|altform=|cat2=|g=f|g2=|g3=|head=|sort=}} foil f (genitive folach), {{sga-noun|f|folach}} foil f (genitive folach) Inflection templates: {{sga-decl-k&g|g|folaig|folach|acc_pl=foilgea|dat_pl=foilgib|g=f}}, {{sga-decl-noun|acc_du=folaig+L|acc_du2=|acc_du3=|acc_pl=foilgea|acc_pl2=|acc_pl3=|acc_sg=folaig+N|acc_sg2=|acc_sg3=|class=g-f|dat_du=foilgib|dat_du2=|dat_du3=|dat_pl=foilgib|dat_pl2=|dat_pl3=|dat_sg=folaig+L|dat_sg2=|dat_sg3=|gen_du=folach|gen_du2=|gen_du3=|gen_pl=folach+N|gen_pl2=|gen_pl3=|gen_sg=folach|gen_sg2=|gen_sg3=|n=|nom_du=folaig+L|nom_du2=|nom_du3=|nom_pl=folaig|nom_pl2=|nom_pl3=|nom_sg=foil|nom_sg2=|nom_sg3=|voc_du=folaig+L|voc_du2=|voc_du3=|voc_pl=foilgea|voc_pl2=|voc_pl3=|voc_sg=foil|voc_sg2=|voc_sg3=}}, {{sga-mutation}} Forms: folach [genitive], no-table-tags [table-tags], foil [nominative, singular], folaig [dual, nominative], folaig [nominative, plural], foil [singular, vocative], folaig [dual, vocative], foilgea [plural, vocative], folaig [accusative, singular], folaig [accusative, dual], foilgea [accusative, plural], folach [genitive, singular], folach [dual, genitive], folach [genitive, plural], folaig [dative, singular], foilgib [dative, dual], foilgib [dative, plural], no-table-tags [table-tags], foil [error-unrecognized-form], ḟoil [error-unrecognized-form]
  1. ring, bracelet Tags: feminine
    Sense id: en-foil-sga-noun-JqFbLf5I
  2. pigsty Tags: feminine
    Sense id: en-foil-sga-noun-ERxZi61u
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: muccfoil 
{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "muccfoil"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Irish",
          "lang_code": "ga",
          "word": "fail"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
          "lang_code": "gd",
          "word": "fail"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle Irish",
      "lang_code": "mga",
      "word": "fail"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "cel-pro",
        "3": "*uɸolexs"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *uɸolexs",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cel-pro",
        "2": "*uɸo-",
        "3": "*legeti",
        "alt2": "*leg-",
        "nocat": "1",
        "t1": "under",
        "t2": "to lie"
      },
      "expansion": "*uɸo- (“under”) + *leg- (“to lie”)",
      "name": "af"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "gwâl",
        "t": "lair, pigsty"
      },
      "expansion": "Welsh gwâl (“lair, pigsty”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *uɸolexs, from *uɸo- (“under”) + *leg- (“to lie”). Cognate with Welsh gwâl (“lair, pigsty”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "folach",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sga-decl-k&g",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "foil",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "folaig",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "folaig",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "foil",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "folaig",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "foilgea",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "folaig",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "folaig",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "foilgea",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "folach",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "folach",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "folach",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "folaig",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "foilgib",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "foilgib",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sga-mutation",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "foil",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ḟoil",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "10": "",
        "11": "",
        "12": "",
        "13": "",
        "14": "{{{3}}}",
        "15": "",
        "16": "{{{pl2}}}",
        "17": "",
        "18": "{{{pl3}}}",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "genitive",
        "6": "folach",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "9": "",
        "altform": "",
        "cat2": "",
        "g": "f",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "foil f (genitive folach)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f",
        "2": "folach"
      },
      "expansion": "foil f (genitive folach)",
      "name": "sga-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "g",
        "2": "folaig",
        "3": "folach",
        "acc_pl": "foilgea",
        "dat_pl": "foilgib",
        "g": "f"
      },
      "name": "sga-decl-k&g"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "acc_du": "folaig+L",
        "acc_du2": "",
        "acc_du3": "",
        "acc_pl": "foilgea",
        "acc_pl2": "",
        "acc_pl3": "",
        "acc_sg": "folaig+N",
        "acc_sg2": "",
        "acc_sg3": "",
        "class": "g-f",
        "dat_du": "foilgib",
        "dat_du2": "",
        "dat_du3": "",
        "dat_pl": "foilgib",
        "dat_pl2": "",
        "dat_pl3": "",
        "dat_sg": "folaig+L",
        "dat_sg2": "",
        "dat_sg3": "",
        "gen_du": "folach",
        "gen_du2": "",
        "gen_du3": "",
        "gen_pl": "folach+N",
        "gen_pl2": "",
        "gen_pl3": "",
        "gen_sg": "folach",
        "gen_sg2": "",
        "gen_sg3": "",
        "n": "",
        "nom_du": "folaig+L",
        "nom_du2": "",
        "nom_du3": "",
        "nom_pl": "folaig",
        "nom_pl2": "",
        "nom_pl3": "",
        "nom_sg": "foil",
        "nom_sg2": "",
        "nom_sg3": "",
        "voc_du": "folaig+L",
        "voc_du2": "",
        "voc_du3": "",
        "voc_pl": "foilgea",
        "voc_pl2": "",
        "voc_pl3": "",
        "voc_sg": "foil",
        "voc_sg2": "",
        "voc_sg3": ""
      },
      "name": "sga-decl-noun"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "sga-mutation"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Irish",
  "lang_code": "sga",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              4
            ]
          ],
          "english": "glossing Latin armillam (“bracelet”)",
          "text": "foil",
          "translation": "glossing Latin armillam (“bracelet”)",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "ring, bracelet"
      ],
      "id": "en-foil-sga-noun-JqFbLf5I",
      "links": [
        [
          "ring",
          "ring"
        ],
        [
          "bracelet",
          "bracelet"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "pigsty"
      ],
      "id": "en-foil-sga-noun-ERxZi61u",
      "links": [
        [
          "pigsty",
          "pigsty"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɸolʲ/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "foil"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
    "Old Irish feminine nouns",
    "Old Irish g-stem nouns",
    "Old Irish lemmas",
    "Old Irish nouns",
    "Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
    "Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
    "Old Irish terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Pages with 3 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "muccfoil"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Irish",
          "lang_code": "ga",
          "word": "fail"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
          "lang_code": "gd",
          "word": "fail"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle Irish",
      "lang_code": "mga",
      "word": "fail"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "cel-pro",
        "3": "*uɸolexs"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *uɸolexs",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cel-pro",
        "2": "*uɸo-",
        "3": "*legeti",
        "alt2": "*leg-",
        "nocat": "1",
        "t1": "under",
        "t2": "to lie"
      },
      "expansion": "*uɸo- (“under”) + *leg- (“to lie”)",
      "name": "af"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "gwâl",
        "t": "lair, pigsty"
      },
      "expansion": "Welsh gwâl (“lair, pigsty”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *uɸolexs, from *uɸo- (“under”) + *leg- (“to lie”). Cognate with Welsh gwâl (“lair, pigsty”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "folach",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sga-decl-k&g",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "foil",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "folaig",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "folaig",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "foil",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "folaig",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "foilgea",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "folaig",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "folaig",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "foilgea",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "folach",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "folach",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "folach",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "folaig",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "foilgib",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "foilgib",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sga-mutation",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "foil",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ḟoil",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "10": "",
        "11": "",
        "12": "",
        "13": "",
        "14": "{{{3}}}",
        "15": "",
        "16": "{{{pl2}}}",
        "17": "",
        "18": "{{{pl3}}}",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "genitive",
        "6": "folach",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "9": "",
        "altform": "",
        "cat2": "",
        "g": "f",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "foil f (genitive folach)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f",
        "2": "folach"
      },
      "expansion": "foil f (genitive folach)",
      "name": "sga-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "g",
        "2": "folaig",
        "3": "folach",
        "acc_pl": "foilgea",
        "dat_pl": "foilgib",
        "g": "f"
      },
      "name": "sga-decl-k&g"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "acc_du": "folaig+L",
        "acc_du2": "",
        "acc_du3": "",
        "acc_pl": "foilgea",
        "acc_pl2": "",
        "acc_pl3": "",
        "acc_sg": "folaig+N",
        "acc_sg2": "",
        "acc_sg3": "",
        "class": "g-f",
        "dat_du": "foilgib",
        "dat_du2": "",
        "dat_du3": "",
        "dat_pl": "foilgib",
        "dat_pl2": "",
        "dat_pl3": "",
        "dat_sg": "folaig+L",
        "dat_sg2": "",
        "dat_sg3": "",
        "gen_du": "folach",
        "gen_du2": "",
        "gen_du3": "",
        "gen_pl": "folach+N",
        "gen_pl2": "",
        "gen_pl3": "",
        "gen_sg": "folach",
        "gen_sg2": "",
        "gen_sg3": "",
        "n": "",
        "nom_du": "folaig+L",
        "nom_du2": "",
        "nom_du3": "",
        "nom_pl": "folaig",
        "nom_pl2": "",
        "nom_pl3": "",
        "nom_sg": "foil",
        "nom_sg2": "",
        "nom_sg3": "",
        "voc_du": "folaig+L",
        "voc_du2": "",
        "voc_du3": "",
        "voc_pl": "foilgea",
        "voc_pl2": "",
        "voc_pl3": "",
        "voc_sg": "foil",
        "voc_sg2": "",
        "voc_sg3": ""
      },
      "name": "sga-decl-noun"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "sga-mutation"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Irish",
  "lang_code": "sga",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Old Irish terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              4
            ]
          ],
          "english": "glossing Latin armillam (“bracelet”)",
          "text": "foil",
          "translation": "glossing Latin armillam (“bracelet”)",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "ring, bracelet"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "ring",
          "ring"
        ],
        [
          "bracelet",
          "bracelet"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "pigsty"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "pigsty",
          "pigsty"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɸolʲ/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "foil"
}

Download raw JSONL data for foil meaning in Old Irish (4.8kB)

{
  "called_from": "inflection/865",
  "msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: foil/Old Irish 'radical' base_tags=set()",
  "path": [
    "foil"
  ],
  "section": "Old Irish",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "foil",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'lenition'",
  "path": [
    "foil"
  ],
  "section": "Old Irish",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "foil",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'nasalization'",
  "path": [
    "foil"
  ],
  "section": "Old Irish",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "foil",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old Irish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-03-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-03-03 using wiktextract (05c257f and 9d9a410). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.